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Class

Non-opioid analgesic / antipyretic

Schedule

POM

Route

ORAL / RECTAL / IV

Onset

30–60 minutes oral

Duration

4–6 hours

Pregnancy

[Paracetamol] Analgesic/...

Renal

Generally safe; prolonge...

High-alert

No

Risk first

Contraindications

[Paracetamol] Severe active hepatic disease / acute liver failure.
Hypersensitivity.
Chronic heavy alcohol use — use reduced maximum daily dose or avoid. [Thiocolchicoside] Hypersensitivity to the active substance or excipients.
Additional absolute contraindications are indication- and product-specific — consult SmPC.

Precautions

[From component Paracetamol] Risk of severe hepatotoxicity in overdose.
Chronic high-dose use, malnutrition, enzyme-inducing drugs, and alcohol increase risk.
Check total daily intake from all sources.

Point of care

Dosing

Adult

Dosing is indication-, age-, weight- and organ-function-specific for this INN. Do not use class averages for high-risk patients. Confirm the exact regimen in the current SmPC and Kenya Standard Treatment Guidelines. Typical professional workflow: (1) confirm indication, (2) check renal/hepatic function, (3) screen interactions/allergies, (4) select dose/route/duration, (5) define monitoring.

Paediatric

Paediatric dosing is weight- and age-based; use a paediatric formulary / SmPC. Do not extrapolate adult tablets without calculation.

Renal

Generally safe; prolonged high dose rare associations — prefer careful use in advanced CKD.

CrCl 0–120: Confirm renal dosing in product SmPC / primary label.

Hepatic

PRIMARY toxicity organ in overdose; therapeutic doses usually safe if daily limits respected.

Safety

Drug interactions

Open checker →

First-line for mild–moderate pain and fever.
Calculate total daily exposure from all sources.
In overdose: timed levels + NAC per protocol — do not wait for symptoms.

Safety

Adverse effects

[Paracetamol] Rare at therapeutic doses.
Serious: acute liver failure in overdose, rare severe skin reactions (SJS/TEN/AGEP). [Thiocolchicoside] Adverse reactions vary by agent.
Counsel on common predictable effects and serious warning symptoms (allergy, severe rash, jaundice, unusual bleeding, severe GI symptoms, neurological changes).
Report suspected ADRs via national pharmacovigilance channels.

Use

Indications

Pain especially that of the neck and shoulder due to neuromuscular and skeletal spasm Clinical selection for Paracetamol/ Thiocolchicoside should follow culture results where relevant, Kenya STG/EML recommendations, and the current product SmPC.
Class context: Non-opioid analgesic / antipyretic.
Confirm site-specific dose, duration and monitoring before prescribing.

Pharmacology

Mode of action

Paracetamolis an analgesic while thiocolchicoside is a skeletal muscle relaxant Paracetamol inhibits central prostaglandin synthesis via effects on cyclo-oxygenase pathways (including COX-2 preferential central effects) and may engage serotonergic descending pathways.

Inhibit COX → ↓ Prostaglandins → Analgesia / anti-inflammatory

Full mechanism text

Paracetamolis an analgesic while thiocolchicoside is a skeletal muscle relaxant Paracetamol inhibits central prostaglandin synthesis via effects on cyclo-oxygenase pathways (including COX-2 preferential central effects) and may engage serotonergic descending pathways. Antipyretic effect via hypothalamic heat-regulating centre. Minimal peripheral anti-inflammatory action.

ADME

Pharmacokinetics & PD

Onset	30–60 minutes oral
Duration	4–6 hours
Route	ORAL / RECTAL / IV
Metabolism	(glucuronidation/sulfation); toxic NAPQI pathway via CYP2E1 when pathways saturated or glutathione depleted.
Half-life	~2–3 h; prolonged in liver disease/overdose.

Full PK/PD text

Rapid oral absorption. Hepatic metabolism (glucuronidation/sulfation); toxic NAPQI pathway via CYP2E1 when pathways saturated or glutathione depleted. Half-life ~2–3 h; prolonged in liver disease/overdose.

Kenya

Brands & prices

2 listed

Brand	Company	Pack	KES
Thiozone	Independent / Registered Supplier	Standard Commercial Pack	—
THIOZONE TABS 10*S	DAIMA BIASHARA / Wholesale Import	—	319.81

Special populations

Pregnancy & lactation

Pregnancy

[Paracetamol] Analgesic/antipyretic of choice in pregnancy when needed; use lowest effective dose/shortest duration. [Thiocolchicoside] Use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk; prefer agents with better reproductive data when alternatives exist.

Lactation

Compatible with breastfeeding at standard doses.

Trust

Sources & disclaimer

Source: Local active-ingredient clinical extract; RxNorm (NLM RxNav); PubChem; Component monographs (multi-source pipeline)

Open source link

Last reviewed: 01 Aug 2026

Decision support only — not a substitute for clinical judgment, product SmPC, or Kenya STG/EML.